4G Cell Broadband - LTE Network Architecture and Protocol Stack

ABSTRCT

The purpose?rugged pdu from the LTE standard is to generate specifications for just a new radio-access technologies geared to bigger data rates, minimal latency and better spectral efficiency. The spectral effectiveness target for the LTE system is three to 4 instances higher compared to the present HSPA technique. These intense spectral performance targets require working with the technologies envelope by using sophisticated air-interface strategies for instance low-PAPR orthogonal uplink multiple accessibility based upon SC-FDMA(single-carrier frequency division many entry) MIMO multiple-input multiple-output multi-antenna technologies, inter-cell interference mitigation techniques, small latency channel structure and single-frequency community (SFN) broadcast. The scientists and engineers engaged on the standard appear up with new revolutionary technological know-how proposals and concepts for system general performance advancement. Resulting from the highly aggressive conventional growth schedule, these researchers and engineers are frequently unable to publish their proposals in conferences or journals, and many others. From the benchmarks development section, the proposals go through extensive scrutiny with several sources assessing and simulating the proposed systems from technique efficiency improvement and implementation complexity perspectives. Consequently, just the highest-quality proposals and ideas lastly make in the conventional.

Search phrases: LTE Architecture, UDP, GDP, MIMO, MIME, MCCH, MBMS, QOS

1. INTRODUCYION

The LTE network architecture is made while using the intention of supporting packet-switched site visitors with seamless mobility, excellent of services (QoS) and nominal latency. A packet-switched approach enables to the supporting of all solutions such as voice through packet connections. The end result inside a hugely simplified flatter architecture with only two types of node particularly developed Node-B (eNB) and mobility administration entity/gateway (MME/GW). This really is in contrast to numerous more community nodes while in the present-day hierarchical community architecture of the 3G system. One particular major modify is always that the radio community controller (RNC) is removed from the knowledge route and its functions at the moment are integrated in eNB. A few of the advantages of the single node within the entry network are diminished latency plus the distribution from the RNC processing load into numerous eNBs. The elimination with the RNC in the accessibility community was probable partly mainly because the LTE method doesn't aid macro-diversity or soft-handoff.

2. LTE Network ARCHITECTURE

Many of the network interfaces are dependant on IP protocols. The eNBs are interconnected via an X2 interface and also to the MME/GW entity via an S1 interface as demonstrated in Figure1. The S1 interface supports a many-to-many connection concerning MME/GW and eNBs.

The functional break up involving eNB and MME/GW is revealed in Figure 2 Two reasonable gateway entities particularly the serving gateway (S-GW) and also the packet knowledge community gateway (P-GW) is outlined. The S-GW acts for a regional mobility anchor forwarding and obtaining packets to and in the eNB serving the UE. The P-GW interfaces with external packet information networks (PDNs) including the World wide web plus the IMS. The P-GW also performs several IP features like address allocation, coverage enforcement, packet filtering and routing.

The MME is really a signaling only entity and therefore user IP packets tend not to go through MME. An advantage of a separate network entity for signaling is the fact that the network capacity for signaling and site visitors can grow independently. The leading capabilities of MME are idle-mode UE attain potential such as the handle and execution of paging retransmission, tracking region record management, roaming, authentication, authorization, P-GW/S-GW choice, bearer management like committed bearer institution, safety negotiations and NAS signaling, and so on.